[ epidemiology of pediculus is humanus capitis infestation and effective factors in elementary schools of Qom province girls 2010, Qom, Iran]

Nowadays pediculusis [Head-louse infestation] is one of the dermal infections with a Global distribution, and is prevalent worldwide. Head-louse infestation is highly common in collective centers such as schools, garrisons and champuses; in schools, specially in feminine elementary schools which is dramatically high. The current study has been conducted to determine the prevalence of Head-louse and to assess the epidemiologic features of the disease. This descriptive cross-sectional study was done over 1725 feminine elementary students from 75 schools in rural counties and total urban districts of Qom province by a multi stage random sampling. Data collection was done by questionnaires and physical exams of the hair. Analysis was done by Chi-square and Multivariate logistic regression model test. [Significant level with p<0.05 objected]. 131 of 1725 survived students, were infected by pediculusis. [7.6%]. The statistical meaningful relation was observed between the habitat, father's job and literacy, mothers literacy, family size, students grade, bath in home, bath times, daily comb, record of infestation in years ago, hygiene corrector in school, access or no access to primary health care and pediculusis [p<0.05 objected]. But no meaningful relation was detected between mother's job, head hairs length, type of school, residing status [private, rental and other site] and the prevalence of Pediculusis. Pediculusis is still a health burden in societies with low health and life standards. The high prevalence of pediculusis among students in the majority of schools in Qom province is attributable to inadequate access to health educator and sanitation facilities and inattention to personal health and related factors else

[Effect of nutrition education program on the recommended weight gain in during pregnancy application of health belief model: a randomized clinical trial]

Nutrition in pregnancy has an important role in fetus and mother health, and also in the pregnancy outcome. One of the significant changes related to nutrition is weight gain of pregnant women as one of the influencing indicators which is measured by Body Mass Index [BMI]. This study was conducted to determine nutritional education effect upon pregnancy weight gain in pregnant women on the basis of health belief model [HBM] in Gonabad, Iran. This is a quasi-experimental randomized and controlled study on 110 pregnant women referring to health centers in Gonabad, Iran. They were divided into experimental and control groups who participated in the study, in the year of 2009. The data of two groups were collected by reliable and valid questionnaires during the first part of pregnancy care in pre-test stage. Then, two educational sessions were held for the experimental group. Post test was done for both groups in the last stage of pregnancy care, and the data were analyzed by paired T, T independent, the correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney, and Chi-square. A p<0.05 was considered to be significant. No significant differences were found between the education, parity, abortion, jobs and the mean age of the two groups. After the intervention, the mean score of knowledge, perceived susceptibility, severity, threat, benefits and barriers and nutritional behavior in the experimental group, significantly changed in the control group [p<0.01]. Moreover, statistical analyses showed a significant difference between the two groups in gaining recommended weight in pregnancy. While 77.78% of the experimental group members achieved recommend MBI, just 32.29% of those in the control group had a gain in this criterion. This study proved that HBM application in nutritional education was successfully effective to gain recommended weight in pregnancy, so that increasing suitable weight gain reached maximum and un-standardized weight gain reached minimum in accordance with women BMI

[ effect of assertiveness training on students' academic anxiety]

Lower levels of academic anxiety can motivate the educational improvement but higher degrees can be a disturbance in concentration, attention, storage, recall and educational failure. Since it affects millions of students worldwide, the present study aimed to determine the effect of assertiveness training on reducing anxiety level in the pre-university students in Gonabad, Iran in 2008. In this randomized clinical trail, all pre-university students of Gonabad, Iran were invited to the study; and finally 89 students were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. Data collection instruments included a 3-part questionnaire for recording demographic¡ academic anxiety and assertiveness [Rathus questionnaire with a validity of 0.83]. The intervention for the experimental group was a 5-session course of assertiveness training based on PRECEDE model and one session for parents and teachers to help support the intervention program. Post-test was given top both groups 8 weeks after the last training session. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS 16 using paired and independent t-test, chi-square and correlation coefficient. The results showed that anxiety levels and assertiveness in the target group were moderate to high [18.14 and 108 respectively]; a negative but significant relationship was found between these two factors [r =-0.69¡ p < 0.001]. Also, the anxiety levels of the study decreased significantly, so that their anxiety score lowered from 18.87 to 8.12 [P < 0.001]. On the one hand, decisiveness was observed to have increased significantly in the same group [from 107 to 159] [P < 0.001]. However, there was no significant difference between academic anxiety and assertiveness in the control group before and after the intervention. The results showed that training assertiveness was effective in reducing the anxiety in academic settings

[ qualitative and quantitative survey on air-transmitted fungal contamination in different wards of Kamkar hospital in Qom, Iran, in 2007]

Fungi spores can be found everywhere. The amount and variety of fungal spores and their vast spread could be a preliminary step to the initiation of different diseases in people with different levels of health.In the present study six wards including nephrology, internal ward for women, surgery ward for men, operating theater for E.N.T., ophthalmology, infectious diseases ward and the laboratory were chosen for sampling on the basis of their types of activities and their in-patients. We used Anderson sampling method, collected samples within two minutes with flow rate of 28.3 L/Min in sabouraud medium. Maximum contamination in the infectious diseases ward was 300 CFU/m[3] and minimum contamination in E.N.T. was 94 CFU/m[3]. The maximum percentage of fungal spores in the hospital air was observed to be as follows: penicillin with 36.36%, Cladosporium 24.74%, A.niger 17.97%, Rhizopus 10.57% and A.flavus 2.74A%. Fungal contamination concentration in hospital indoor air in this study was higher than the recommended limits and other similar studies from a quantitative point of view, but it was similar to other studies in terms of identified species

[Study of the effective parameters on the making use of protective devices in Qom province workers community in 2006]

Noise threats health of many groups of industrial workers and causes hearing loss. Use of personal protective device is the best control method to protect against hazardous conditions. Hence, this investigation was carried out to determine situation of using of protective devices and effective parameters on it, in Qom province workers community in 2006. This research is descriptive-sectional study. Sample volume was designed 378 persons working in factories in Qom. First of all, list of Qom factories with noise pollution problems, were collected and 30 important factories among them were selected randomly. In the second stage, 378 persons were selected randomly from workers. The interest information was obtained by questionnaire and collected data were analyzed by SPSS software. The obtained results showed that, 83.6% of workers have been using ear protective devices. 296 of them, which were using ear protective devices, had an occupational hygienist in their workplaces. This research also showed that, 109 workers that used ear protective devices, had moderate knowledge level. Moreover, 82.5% of trained workers have used ear protective devices. The statistical analysis of the results showed that there were no significant relationship between use of ear protective devices and existence of occupational hygienist in workplace, knowledge and age of workers, worker's antecedent, physical health of workers and kind of ear protective devices [p > 0.05]. These results showed that among all considered parameters; only four parameters were effective in using ear protective devices; education of workers before employment, head workman and employer's knowledge level, factories facilitation and kind of ear protective devices

[Determination and comparison of neonatal complications in painless epidural delivery and without pain control Qom Izadi hospital during the years 2004-5]

Provision of standard childbirth facilities has been considered as an important healthcare issue for a long time. The physical and psychological states of mothers are important factors determining the fate of delivery. Therefore, several programs have been established to decrease the mother-child mortality rates and the complications of delivery. One of the most common approaches for controlling the pain of delivery is application of local anesthesia such as epidural, spinal, or a combination of these methods. It has been shown that complications of epidural anesthesia are less than other methods of local anesthesia employed for the painless delivery. In this study, a comparison is made between two groups of 80 neonates delivered by either NVD or EU. A form was designed for collection of data including Apgar score at first minute, need for CPR, NICU admission, FHR variability, breast feeding time, duration of hospital stay, and neonatal reflexes. The data were analyzed by chi-square and fisher tests using SPSS software. There was no significant difference between the neonates born by EA or NVD at the 95% confidence level. Based on these findings it could be concluded that epidural anesthesia for delivery does not lead to neonatal complications more than that of NVD without pain control. Therefore, this method could be recommended to mothers, who choose elective cesarean section to avoid the pain of childbirth